利用自行开发的二维辐射磁流体力学程序，模拟研究在软泡沫柱外嵌套硬泡沫层、中心嵌套结构靶丸的动态黑腔整体动力学行为和热力学性能，以发现硬泡沫层对动态黑腔辐射场的影响和调制作用，以及腔靶耦合相互作用规律。对峰值50 MA、全上升时间300 ns的驱动电流，模拟结果的比较分析表明，嵌套硬泡沫层后靶丸感受到的辐射场温度开始升高时刻延后，辐射均匀更迅速，辐射温度第一峰下降，变化更顺滑，黑腔存在时间变长，达到10 ns以上，后期辐射温度大于350 eV，波形与美国靶丸点火成功实验中的黑腔辐射温度变化曲线比较接近；与没有靶丸的动态黑腔的相同区域辐射温度相比较，嵌入靶丸后，靶丸在烧蚀后期感受到的辐射驱动温度增加。故嵌套硬泡沫层和腔靶耦合都有益于聚变靶丸的烧蚀内爆。

通过二维辐射流体力学模拟研究了Z箍缩动态黑腔负载等离子体撞击泡沫柱的动力学过程，探索了带扰动负载等离子体形状对黑腔内辐射温度的影响。结果表明，带有扰动的负载等离子体撞击泡沫后会产生Rayleigh-Taylor（RT）流体不稳定性，导致动态黑腔内的辐射在负载等离子体光薄区域发生漏失，使黑腔内辐射温度降低；负载等离子体扰动振幅越大、波长越大，辐射漏失越严重，同等动能加载条件下黑腔内辐射温度也越低。

基于脉冲功率技术的Z箍缩过程可以实现驱动器电储能到X光辐射的高效率转换，形成极端温度、密度、压力条件，近年来在惯性约束聚变及高能量密度应用中取得了一系列重要进展。综述了国际上辐射间接驱动和磁直接驱动两条Z箍缩聚变技术路线发展现状，简要介绍了我国Z箍缩聚变尤其是7~8 MA脉冲功率装置上的动态黑腔研究进展；分别从辐射与物质相互作用、辐射不透明度、材料动态特性、实验室天体物理等方面，概述了Z箍缩应用于高能量密度物理研究的技术路线和主要成果。希望通过对Z箍缩聚变及高能量密度应用研究的论述和发展趋势分析，推动我国Z箍缩研究领域的进一步发展。

The Shen-Guang II Upgrade (SG-II-U) laser facility consists of eight high-power nanosecond laser beams and one short-pulse picosecond petawatt laser. It is designed for the study of inertial confinement fusion (ICF), especially for conducting fast ignition (FI) research in China and other basic science experiments. To perform FI successfully with hohlraum targets containing a golden cone, the long-pulse beam and cylindrical hohlraum as well as the short-pulse beam and cone target alignment must satisfy tight specifications (30 and $20~\unicode[STIX]{x03BC}\text{m}$ rms for each case). To explore new ICF ignition targets with six laser entrance holes (LEHs), a rotation sensor was adapted to meet the requirements of a three-dimensional target and correct beam alignment. In this paper, the strategy for aligning the nanosecond beam based on target alignment sensor (TAS) is introduced and improved to meet requirements of the picosecond lasers and the new six LEHs hohlraum targets in the SG-II-U facility. The expected performance of the alignment system is presented, and the alignment error is also discussed.

With European Laser Facilities such as the Extreme Light Infrastructure (ELI) and the Helmholtz International Beamline for Extreme Fields (HIBEF) scheduled to come online within the next couple of years, General Atomics, as a major supplier of targets and target components for the High Energy Density Physics community in the United States, is gearing up to meet their demand for large numbers of low cost targets. Using the production of a subassembly for the National Ignition Facility’s fusion targets as an example, we demonstrate that through automation of assembly tasks, the design of targets and their experimental setup can be fairly complex while keeping the assembly time and cost as a minimum. A six-axis Mitsubishi robot is used in combination with vision feedback and a force–torque sensor to assemble target subassemblies of different scales and designs with minimal change of tooling, allowing for design flexibility and short assembly setup times. Implementing automated measurement routines on a Nikon NEXIV microscope further reduces the effort required for target metrology, while electronic data collection and transfer complete a streamlined target production operation that can be adapted to a large variety of target designs.