高功率激光驱动器中多采用谱色散匀滑(SSD)的束匀滑技术,而SSD中的相位调制常使用等幅相位调制。为进一步改善匀滑效果,提高动态调控能力,提出一种特异性相位调制技术,即采用调制深度为时变函数的特异性调制方式来获得光谱宽度可随时间变化的信号输出。基于相位调制的频谱理论,分析了特异性相位调制后的激光频谱特性。利用任意波形发生器(AWG)整形输出的特定相位调制信号开展实验研究,通过改变AWG输出两路电信号的相对时间差,得到250 ps的信号光在3 ns内不同时间点的调制光谱,实验结果与理论模拟结果一致。这种调制方式可以完成光谱宽度的连续实时调控,这对于高功率激光驱动器的激光参数控制中实现动态的光谱色散匀滑有着重要应用。

靶定位与束靶耦合技术是激光聚变实验过程中最为关键的技术之一,是关系整个激光聚变实验成败的重要技术。综述了从20世纪70年代至今较为有代表性的各高功率激光驱动装置的靶定位与束靶耦合技术方案,讨论了设计技术方案的基本原则,总结了已有方案各自的优势与缺陷,并对一些新方法进行了展望。

神光Ⅱ大型固体高功率激光装置是我国激光驱动器发展历史的里程碑, 其成功研制使我国高功率固体激光工程与技术、聚变物理与基础物理研究实现了全面且本质的跨越式发展。简要概述了神光Ⅱ激光装置研制中创新发展的大量工程方案与技术手段, 举例介绍了神光Ⅱ激光装置在近20年来的高质量运行中取得的众多有国际影响力的研究成果。经多方支持和多年持续发展, 已经形成数万焦耳级纳秒激光装置、皮秒拍瓦以及飞秒拍瓦激光装置等, 这些装置是我国惯性约束核聚变、强场物理、高能量密度物理等研究领域中重要的物理实验核心平台之一。

Beam-guiding system (BGS) has two functions, one shifts the array arrangement of the main laser to the spherical irradiation structure which meets the requirements of shooting laser, the other ensures that all the laser beams transmit to the target chamber center with the same light path length. Main issues are focused on the transmission models of the main lasers and shooting lasers and the switch manner between them. Combining the symmetric properties of the beam port distribution on the target chamber, the transmission sub-unit is proposed to simplify the system arrangement. Firstly, considering the quantity and style of the total mirrors and the space size of the target area, the specific transmission models in a transmission sub-unit and the symmetrical division of target area are determined. Then, two possible transmission models for main lasers and shooting lasers are obtained with the constraints of laser polarization and no intersection among beams during propagation. The switch manner is calculated with a stratified baseline algorithm and the relationship between the image and object of the propagation lasers. In this manner, the entire BGS geometric arrangement is figured out.

Beam-guiding system (BGS) has two functions, one shifts the array arrangement of the main laser to the spherical irradiation structure which meets the requirements of shooting laser, the other ensures that all the laser beams transmit to the target chamber center with the same light path length. Main issues are focused on the transmission models of the main lasers and shooting lasers and the switch manner between them. Combining the symmetric properties of the beam port distribution on the target chamber, the transmission sub-unit is proposed to simplify the system arrangement. Firstly, considering the quantity and style of the total mirrors and the space size of the target area, the specific transmission models in a transmission sub-unit and the symmetrical division of target area are determined. Then, two possible transmission models for main lasers and shooting lasers are obtained with the constraints of laser polarization and no intersection among beams during propagation. The switch manner is calculated with a stratified baseline algorithm and the relationship between the image and object of the propagation lasers. In this manner, the entire BGS geometric arrangement is figured out.

介绍了为提高惯性约束聚变(ICF)激光驱动装置的光束质量和输出功率, 我国在神光系列激光装置的建设、运行和性能提升方面开展的工作。综述了我国近年来ICF激光装置用光学元器件的重要研究进展。文中涉及了高纯金属铪和磷酸二氢钾(KDP)等原材料的制备和四大主材(钕玻璃、高纯度KDP、熔石英和KDP/高掺氘KDP(KDP/DKDP晶体)的熔炼、加工和生长。描述了元器件的冷加工(针对钕玻璃、白玻璃、KDP晶体)技术和镀膜技术(针对介质膜和化学膜)。最后, 给出了针对大口径光学元件工序检及终检开展的多项关键检测技术。文中介绍的关键技术与工艺满足了绝大部分光学元器件的需求, 显著提升了光学元器件的研发和生产能力。

在惯性约束核聚变装置中，为了实现高精度光束焦点位置调整的目的，采用了基于高精度自动调整反射镜进行光束准直引导的方法，进行了理论分析和实验验证，取得了不同驱动方式下电动反射镜的调整精度数据.结果表明：柔性铰链连接直线微位移驱动机构和旋转轴框，能够有效地消除摩擦和间隙等对精度的影响，该电动反射镜能够在±15 mrad 的运动范围内实现1 μrad 激光光束指向调整分辨率，满足了神光-Ⅲ装置的技术要求。这一结果对大型激光器中高精度光束调整系统的设计是有帮助的。

并联靶定位系统是一种新结构型式的惯性约束核聚变(ICF)靶定位系统。在并联靶定位系统工作原理及热传递路径分析基础上建立了系统热平衡方程，对热源进行了理论分析和实验测试，确定了热源输出功率及温度。在此基础上，对并联靶定位机构进行了热分析，获得关键部位温度，为并联靶定位系统结构设计及精度分析提供了理论依据。

背光阴影成像是表征ICF冷冻靶燃料冰层的有效方法。基于背光阴影成像技术，冷冻靶燃料冰层原位表征技术能原位实时监测靶丸内燃料气体相变与冰层均化过程，得到打靶零前时刻燃料冰层厚度和粗糙度信息，为物理实验提供准确参数。在冷冻靶制备实验中，根据背光阴影成像的光线追迹模型和实验测得的阴影图像中的亮环位置，计算得到了均化后冷冻靶中燃料冰层的厚度以及内表面粗糙度。