神光Ⅱ大型固体高功率激光装置是我国激光驱动器发展历史的里程碑, 其成功研制使我国高功率固体激光工程与技术、聚变物理与基础物理研究实现了全面且本质的跨越式发展。简要概述了神光Ⅱ激光装置研制中创新发展的大量工程方案与技术手段, 举例介绍了神光Ⅱ激光装置在近20年来的高质量运行中取得的众多有国际影响力的研究成果。经多方支持和多年持续发展, 已经形成数万焦耳级纳秒激光装置、皮秒拍瓦以及飞秒拍瓦激光装置等, 这些装置是我国惯性约束核聚变、强场物理、高能量密度物理等研究领域中重要的物理实验核心平台之一。

To overcome the problem of cleanliness in the laser′s internal cavity, a glass cavity design for a Nd: glass slab amplifier was proposed, which uses UV-stop quartz glass for its main structure.The design of the main structure of the glass cavity and the sealing are optimized, and metal-coated surfaces are used to prevent light from escaping.The cleanliness of the stainless steel cavity of the slab amplifier of the SG-II-UP laser and the glass cavity of a 100 slab amplifier were compared; the cleanliness of the glass cavity was found to be 70% better than that of the stainless cavity. Further, advanced system analysis program was used to simulate the designed amplifier, with the pumping ratio of the Nd: glass in the glass cavity being increased by 8.84%.Thus, the glass cavity decreases the production of aerosols and enhances the pumping ratio of the Nd∶glass.

To overcome the problem of cleanliness in the laser′s internal cavity, a glass cavity design for a Nd: glass slab amplifier was proposed, which uses UV-stop quartz glass for its main structure.The design of the main structure of the glass cavity and the sealing are optimized, and metal-coated surfaces are used to prevent light from escaping.The cleanliness of the stainless steel cavity of the slab amplifier of the SG-II-UP laser and the glass cavity of a 100 slab amplifier were compared; the cleanliness of the glass cavity was found to be 70% better than that of the stainless cavity. Further, advanced system analysis program was used to simulate the designed amplifier, with the pumping ratio of the Nd: glass in the glass cavity being increased by 8.84%.Thus, the glass cavity decreases the production of aerosols and enhances the pumping ratio of the Nd∶glass.

针对高功率固体激光驱动器的安全运行, 提出了覆盖驱动器建设全过程的污染控制方法, 详细介绍了洁净清洗、洁净检测、洁净保护等保障污染控制效果的技术手段, 并介绍了神光-Ⅲ主机装置片状放大器洁净度提升所采取的技术途径, 以及片状放大器光照清洗实验中气溶胶等级随闪光灯照射次数的变化情况。实验结果表明, 神光-Ⅲ主机装置的洁净水平与美国国家点火装置(NIF)接近且优于其他同类装置, 洁净度的大幅提升为装置的安全运行提供了有力保障。

在激光惯性约束聚变研究过程中，激光驱动器打靶系统的光束谐波分离技术是驱动器建造研究的重要内容之一。根据高功率固体激光驱动器的发展历程，介绍了几种目前世界上正在应用的光束谐波分离技术，并对这些光束谐波分离方法的优缺点进行了对比分析。结合我国激光驱动器谐波分离技术的发展现状提出了将来的发展方向。这对大型激光驱动器的建造具有一定的指导意义。

介绍了一种用于惯性约束聚变研究的CSG衍射光栅研制情况,衍射光栅的制作采用离子束刻蚀的方法,光栅刻蚀面积为80mm×80mm.利用星光Ⅱ高功率固体激光装置实验平台对光路中插入衍射光栅后的光束近场调制变化进行了实验测试.实验结果表明,在低功率密度条件下(0.005GW/cm2)光路中插入CSG衍射光栅后,光束近场调制度没有明显的增加,相对于光束本身的调制来说,由光栅带来的调制为细微的小量调制.

介绍了星光Ⅱ高功率固体激光驱动器的发展历程和物理实验的进展情况,研制了用于开展激光等离子体中电子密度与电子温度精密化诊断的两束探针光系统.阐述了激光装置中新能源系统的模块化设计方法以及新型集中控制系统的最新研究进展情况,所用方法和所得结论对高功率固体激光驱动器系统的设计具有一定应用意义.

介绍了一种用于惯性约束聚变研究的光束取样光栅的研制情况,光栅尺寸为70mmx70mm.利用星光Ⅱ高功率固体激光装置实验平台对光栅的性能参数进行了实验测试,实验结果表明:光栅的三倍频激光取样效率为5.6‰,光束取样角为13.2°.

本文利用GaAs场效应晶体管电压控制电流和开关特性成功研制了任意整形电脉冲发生器,该整形电脉冲发生器的每个基元电路产生的基元电脉冲形状和宽度与加在栅极的触发信号相同,幅度由加在GaAs场效应晶体管上的负偏压决定,各基元电路产生的用于叠加的基元电脉冲相互独立,使计算机控制栅极偏压进而控制整形电脉冲的形状成为可能.